Home Treatments for Stings and Bites

Most bites and stings will heal on their own without a visit to a doctor. There are several things you can do to relieve pain and itching and prevent infection from a bite or sting. If you have been stung on the arm or leg, lower the limb at the time of the sting to slow the spread of venom. Hours later, if swelling is present, you can elevate the limb to help reduce swelling. Remain as calm and quiet as possible, as movement increases the spread of venom in the bloodstream.

To relieve pain, itching, or swelling, apply an ice pack to a bite or sting for 15 to 20 minutes, once an hour, for the first 6 hours. When not using ice, keep a cool, wet cloth on the bite or sting for up to 6 hours. Try a nonprescription medicine like an oral antihistamine, for the relief of itching, redness, and swelling (not for children younger than 1). A spray of local anesthetic containing benzocaine may help relieve pain. Hydrocortisone 1% cream or calamine lotion applied to the skin may help relieve itching and redness (not for children younger than 2). After the first 6 hours, if swelling is not present, try applying warmth to the site for comfort.

When treating a sting/bite at home, ensure that skin infections are prevented, by washing the area with soap and water and then wiping it with rubbing alcohol or antiseptic. Don't break any blisters that have developed or scratch the skin with dirty nails. Take note of any infection that does develop and be aware of any flu like symptoms. If this happens, further medical treatment may be required.

Chiggers feed on humans and other animals only in the larval stage. The adults and nymphs feed on vegetable matter, insect eggs, and other insects. When humans come in contact with infested grass or other vegetation, the chigger larvae get onto ones skin and travel until they meet an obstacle like a waistband. At this point, they attach to the skin and begin to feed. After feeding for three to four days, the larvae drop off the body to continue their growth cycle. While feeding, the larvae secrete a fluid which causes intense itching. Within twenty-four hours of attachment, a reddened area up to one inch in diameter will appear which may be accompanied by a blister. Continued itching is usually due to a delayed sensitivity reaction which may persist for several weeks. For treatment of chigger bites, keep the affected area clean by washing with soap and water. Use a topical hydrocortisone cream, antihistamine, or local anesthetic to reduce the itching. The wounds should not be scratched, if possible. If signs of infection occur, consult your physician.